工程量清单招投标中成本界定方法之研究

介绍了工程量清单招投标中采用“经评审最低价中标法”的一些做法和特点,认为当前招投标中的“拦路虎”是成本界定问题。通过目前常见几种界定方法之比较,提出清单报价综合评判法是成本界定行之有效的方法,并提出成本界定具体做法以及应注意的问题。     

关于"经评审的最低投标价法"的应用思考

最低投标价法的评标方法是符合市场经济法则,是评标方法改革的趋势,也是与国际化工程招投标接轨的需要.讨论了以标底为中心的评标方法的弊端,经评审的最低投标法在评标中的应用,以及经评审的最低投标价法运用中必须把握的关键环节.     

论投标人在工程量清单计价条件下的投标报价与项目成本管理

从工程量清单的概念、特点和工程量清单与传统定额的区别以及投标人如何在工程量清单计价条件下投标报价、如何采用投标策略、如何在清单计价条件下控制项目成本,文章按照工程量清单下投标人投标报价和项目成本管理两方面进行探讨。     

无标底最低价招标的工程实践

分析了有标底工程招标的不足，并结合工程实践，阐述了在无标底最低价招标工程中应采取的一些有效办法，提出了无标底招标应注意的几个问题。     

Modelling study of an upflow microbial fuel cell catalysed with anaerobic aged sludge

An electrochemical model for an upflow dual-chambered microbial fuel cell (MFC) process is proposed in this study. The model was set up on the basis of the experimental results and the analysis of biochemical and electrochemical processes in the MFC biocatalysed with anaerobic aged sludge and alternatively fuelled with a synthetic acetate-based and actual domestic wastewaters. Simulation of the process shows that the model describes the process reasonably well with correlation coefficients higher than 0.97. The analysis of model simulation illustrates how the current output depends mainly on the substrate concentration as well as other main variables. The relationship between the current output and over-voltage is revealed by the modelling study. For acetate-based wastewaters with initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations of 350, 700, 1050, and 1400 mg/L, maximum observed power densities were 290, 405, 448, and 525 mW/m² associated with maximum COD removals of 84%, 88%, 83%, and 82%, respectively.     

An Independent Perception of Regulation in Practice

The paper reviews the regulation of water companies in England and Wales since 1989 by reference to the historical regulation of utilities in these countries. It considers how comparative competition, service standards and charging arrangements are developing. Particular mention is made of the debates over rates of return and household metering. The conclusion is that regulation, to be effective and appropriate, must be capable of evolution.     

微型燃气轮机沼气发电应用技术探讨

叙述了微型燃气轮机的工作原理及其组成，与内燃发电机相比，其具有效率高、环保、维护少、系统配置灵活及安全可靠等优点，因而在国内外得N-f迅猛发展。综合了微型燃气轮机在沼气发电领域的应用技术以及国外应用状况，探讨了我国沼气发电领域的发展现状和方向。     

浅谈如何更好地推行工程量清单计价规范

《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》的颁布实施，是工程建设领域的一件大事，为了更好的推行和施行计价规范，应做好多方面的工作。     

制定适宜评标办法是确保择优选择总承包商的关键

评标方法，涉及技术标与商务标，在过去和现在仍存在一些问题，针对这些问题应采取相应的解决对策，利用技术标和商务标的权重系数和得分平衡，确保择优选择施工总承包商。     

太阳能光伏发电应用于公共建筑的探讨

太阳能光伏发电是一个新课题。研究这种电能的特点,结合我国国情,分析并入城市电网的可能性和必要性,提出建议在大型公共建筑采用的太阳能屋顶发电的配电方案。